The European experience of river basin management (RBM) is often considered a template for many emerging nations. Europe demonstrated the successful implementation of river restoration programmes for some of its most complex and important trans boundary river basins, such as the Rhine and Danube. Recent developments suggest that India too is inspired by the European river basin management model and aspires for a paradigm shift in its approach to river management—by recalibrating its existing plans, policies, and programmes to be responsive to the integrated needs of its river system.
The flagship Namami Gange Programme (NGP) under the Ministry of Jal Shakti (MoJS) is one such instance. However, few acknowledge the significant divergence that exists between the two regions in terms of political economy, sectoral orientations, and the historical context of the institutions that are engaged in water management.